Twist equalizing spinning apparatus



Aug. 22, 1967 TWIST EQUALIZING SPINNING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 1, 1966 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS mfl W K. "ZAIVADYSKY ETAL 3,336,741 I United States a Patent 3,336,741 TWIST EQUALIZING SPINNING APPARATUS Karel Zavadsky, Hnatnice, Dalibor Sejbal and Josef Stary, Usti nad Orlici, Miloslav Kubovy, Dolni Dobrouc, and Frantisek Buil, Usti nad Orlici, Czechoslovakia, assignors to Vyzkumny Ustav Bavlnarsky, Usti nad Orlici, Czechoslovakia Filed Dec. 1, 1966, Ser. No. 598,265 Claims priority, application Czechoslovakia, Dec. 1, 1965, 7,198/65 9 Claims. (Cl. 5758.89)

The present invention relates to a twist equalizing spinning apparatus, and more particularly to an arrangement by which the twist of a yarn spun in a rotary spinning chamber is controlled to be substantially uniform in different portions of the spun yarn.

In accordance with the prior art, fibers are introduced into the interior of a rotary spinning chamber and are deposited on a circular inner collecting surface so as to be spun into a yarnwhich is transported out of the spinning chamber by transporting rollers and through a stationary delivery channel. In other constructions, the hollow shaft of the spinning chamber is used as delivery channel.

In all known constructions, a portion of the spun yarn extends from the rotating collecting surface to the inlet opening of the delivery channel and another portion of the yarn is located in the delivery channel and transported by rollers gripping the yarn. The direction of the yarn is changed between the two yarn portions from a substantially radial direction to the axial direction in which the delivery channel extends. Due to the fact that the yarn is bent at the point at which the direction changes, the two yarn portions are differently twisted and the portion of the yarn between the collecting surface and the delivery channel is less twisted than the portion of the yarn between the bent point of the yarn at the inner end of the delivery channel and the transporting roller. Consequently, the yarn portion within the spinning chamber has a lesser tensile strength than the highly twisted yarn portions in the delivery channel. Due to this fact, the speed of the delivery rollers and of the spinning chamber cannot be increased above a certain limit since a higher speed would cause breaking of the less twisted and weaker yarn portion within the spinning chamber.

It is one object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of spinning apparatus according to the prior art, and to provide a spinning chamber arrangement in which the twist of the spun yarn is equalized during the spinning operation so that all portions of the spun yarn have the same tensile strength.

Another object of the invention is to provide a twist equalizing spinning apparatus which can be operated at a higher speed than conventional ringless spinning apparatus.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spinning apparatus in which the incidence of yarn breakages is reduced as compared with the prior art.

With these objects in view, the present invention relates to an improved spinning apparatus of the type comprising a rotary spinning chamber having an axis of rotation and an annular inner collecting surface. An embodiment of the invention comprises guide means, preferably in the form of a stationary body closing an open end of the spinning chamber. The guide means have an inlet channel for supplying a fibrous material to the collecting surface so that a spun yarn is formed on the collecting surface. The spun yarn is delivered through a delivery channel having a yarn receiving inner end located in the region of the axis of rotation of the spinning chamber and opening into the same.

In accordance with the invention, the delivery channel extends along a straight line connecting the inner end thereof with the collecting surface.

When the yarn is withdrawn from the delivery channel by transporting means, preferably a pair of transporting rollers, the yarn extends along a straight path from the collecting surface to the inner end of the delivery channel in one angular position of the spinning chamber which is assumed once during each revolution. While the yarn extends along the straight path between the collecting surface and the transporting rollers, the lesser twist of the yarn portion located in the spinning chamber and the higher twist of the yarn portion located in the delivery channel and extending through the transporting rollers, compensate each other. In this manner, the twist of the yarn is equalized once during each revolution, and the yarn between the collecting surface and the transporting rollers has a substantially constant tensile strength permitting a high speed operation.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the inlet channel through which fibers are supplied to the collecting surface, is located in a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the spinning chamber and through the axis of the delivery channel, which is, however, not necessary.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following detailed description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary axial sectional view illustrating a spinning apparatus according to the present invention in one operational position; and

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary axial sectional view illustrating the spinning apparatus in another operational position in which the spun yarn extends along a straight line.

Referring now to the drawings, a drive shaft 20 carries a spinning chamber 1 which has two opposite frustoconical surfaces 21 and 22 which together form a circular collecting surface 4 in the region of the greatest diameter of the spinning chamber. The spinning chamber has an open end 23 in which a circular portion of a guide body 10 is located. The guide body 10 has an inlet channel 3 through which a fibrous material 2 is supplied to the frusto-conical inner surface 22 so that the fibers are urged by the centrifugal force toward the collecting surface 4 where they are spun into a yarn 5, as is well known to those skilled in the art. Guide body 10 has a delivery channel 8 with an inner end located substantially in the axis of rotation of shaft 20 and spinning chamber 1, and opening into the spinning chamber. A portion 5a of the yarn 5 extends in substantially radial direction from the collecting surface 4 to the opening 9, and the adjacent yarn portion 5b extends from opening 9 through the delivery channel 8 to a pair of transporting rollers 6 which transport yarn 5 to a rotary take-up means on Which a bobbin 7 is formed.

As best seen in FIG. 2, the delivery channel 8 is slanted to the axis of rotation of the spinning chamber, and extends along a straight line connecting a point 11 of collecting surface 4 with opening 9. Preferably, opening 9 is located on the axis of rotation of the spinning chamber so that the imaginary line also passes through the point of intersection between the axis of rotation and the surface 10a of guide body 10. It is also preferred to place the nip of roller 6 on the same line so that in the angular position of the spinning chamber 1 shown in FIG. 2, the yarn 5 extends along a straight line from collecting surface 4, through the delivery channel 8 and to the transporting rollers 6.

This position is assumed once during each revolution of the spinning chamber, and when the spinning chamber turns 180 further, the yarn is bent about an edge of opening 9, as shown in FIG. 1.

During the spinning operation, the yarn forming point 11 moves over the collecting surface 4 of the rotating spinning chamber 1 so that the yarn portion 5a is rotated whereby the yarn is twisted. In the position shown in FIG. 1, and in adjacent angular positions where the yarn is bent at 50, the yarn portion 517 has a higher twist density than the yarn portion 50. However, when the spinning chamber turns during each revolution to the position of FIG. 2 and yarn portions 5a and 5b are aligned to extend along a straight path, the bent 5c disappears and since no resistance is caused at this point of the yarn by the edge of opening 9, and the higher twist of portion 5d and the lesser twist of portion 5a compensate each other so that the twist of portions 5a and 5b is equalized and substantially uniform between the collecting surface 4 and the nip of the transporting rollers 6. Due to the fact that the twist of portion 5a is increased once during each revolution, its tensile strength is increased, permitting an operation of the transporting rollers and of the spinning chamber at a higher speed without the danger of a yarn breakage in the region of yarn portion 5a. The equalizing of the twist is obtained once during each revolution of the spinning chamber which follow each other in such rapid succession that a yarn breakage does not take place while the yarn is momentarily in the position of FIG. 1.

It will be understood that each of the elements described above or two or more together may find useful application in other types of spinning apparatus differing from the types described above.

While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a spinning chamber having a delivery channel extending along a straight line between the collecting surface and the transporting rollers, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.

Without further analysis the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can by applying current knowledge readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that from the standpoint of prior art fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the following claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. Twist equalizing spinning apparatus, comprising, in combination, a rotary spinning chamber having an axis of rotation, and an annular inner collecting surface; and guide means having an inlet channel for supplying a fibrous material to said collecting surface so that a spun yarn is formed on said collecting surface, and a delivery channel for said yarn having a yarn receiving inner end located in the region of said axis and opening into said spinning chamber, said delivery channel extending along a straight line connecting said inner end with said collecting surface; and transporting means for transporting the spun yarn out of said delivery channel so that the yarn extends along a straight path from said collecting surface to said inner end and through said delivery channel in one angular position of said spinning chamber whereby the lesser twist of the yarn portion located in said spinning chamber between said inner end of said delivery channel and said collecting surface and the higher twist of the yarn portion located in said delivery channel compensate each other in said one angular position of said spinning chamber.

2. A spinning apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said spinning chamber has an open end; and wherein said guide means is a stationary body closing said open end and being formed with said inlet and delivery channels.

3. A spinning apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said transporting means includes a pair of rollers located outwardly of and spaced from said delivery channel for transporting the yarn out of the same; and wherein the nip of said transporting rollers is located along said straight line so that said yarn extends along a straight path from said collecting surface to said transporting rollers in said one angular position of said spinning chamber.

4. A spinning apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said inlet channel is located in a plane passing through said axis of rotation and through said delivery channel.

5. A spinning apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein said delivery channel has a circular cross section and an axis; and wherein said axis of said delivery channel intersects with said axis of rotation in said plane.

6. A spinning apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said delivery channel has a central axis extending along said line and intersecting with said axis of rotation at the center of said yarn receiving inner end thereof.

7. A spinning apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said spinning chamber has a circular opening at one end thereof; wherein said guide means includes a guide body closing said opening of said spinning chamber, said guide body being formed with said delivery channel and said inlet channel; and wherein said transporting means includes a pair of transporting rollers located spaced from said guide body and engaging said yarn for transporting the same out of said delivery channel, the nip of said rollers being located on said straight line so that said yarn extends along a straight path between said collecting surface and said transporting rollers in said one angular position of said spinning chamber.

8. A spinning apparatus as defined in claim 7, wherein said inlet channel and said delivery channel are located in a common plane passing through the axis of rotation of said spinning chamber.

9. A spinning apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said body has a face extending transverse to said axis of rotation and being located in said open end of said spinning chamber; and wherein said delivery channel has a central axis intersecting with said axis of rotation on said face of said body so that the center of said inner end of said delivery channel is located on said axis of rotation.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,926,483 3/1960 Keeler et a1 5758.95 3,107,477 10/1960 Meimberg 57-50 FRANK I. COHEN, Primary Examiner.

J. PETRAKES, Assistant Examiner. 

1. TWIST EQUALIZING SPINNING APPARATUS, COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION, A ROTARY SPINNING CHAMBER HAVING AN AXIS OF ROTATION, AND AN ANNULAR INNER COLLECTING SURFACE; AND GUIDE MEANS HAVING AN INLET CHANNEL FOR SUPPLYING A FIBROUS MATERIAL TO SAID COLLECTING SURFACE SO THAT A SPUN YARN IS FORMED ON SAID COLLECTING SURFACE, AND A DELIVERY CHANNEL FOR SAID YARN HAVING A YARN RECEIVING INNER END LOCATED IN THE REGION OF SAID AXIS AND OPENING INTO SAID SPINNING CHAMBER, SAID DELIVERY CHANNEL EXTENDING ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE CONNECTING SAID INNER END WITH SAID COLLECTING SURFACE; AND TRANSPORTING MEANS FOR TRANSPORTING THE SPUN YARN OUT OF SAID DELIVERY CHANNAL SO THAT THE YARN EXTENDS ALONG A STRAIGHT PATH FROM SAID COLLECTING SURFACE TO SAID INNER END AND THROUGH SAID DELIVERY CHANNEL IN ONE ANGULAR POSITION OF SAID SPINNING CHAMBER WHEREBY THE LESSER TWIST OF THE YARN PORTION LOCATED IN SAID SPINNING CHAMBER BETWEEN SAID INNER END OF SAID DELIVERY CHANNEL AND SAID COLLECTING SURFACE AND THE HIGHER TWIST OF THE YARN PORTION LOCATED IN SAID DELIVERY CHANNEL COMPENSATE EACH OTHER IN SAID ONE ANGULAR POSITION OF SAID SPINNING CHAMBER. 